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  • Perplex
    IB Math AIHL
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    Graph Theory
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    Problems

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    Problem Bank - Graph Theory

    Access custom-built, exam-style problems for graph theory. Each problem has a full solution and mark-scheme, as well as AI grading and support.

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    10 / 35 problems visible - Upgrade to view all problems

    IB: 5
    10

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    0 / 6

    Thomas, a train enthusiast, wants to take every major train in America. He makes a graph with vertices representing cities and edges representing train rides. Trains only go one direction, so he uses a directed graph. Each edge has weight 1.

    <p>The diagram shows six vertices, each representing a city, arranged roughly in a West–East layout:</p><p>• San Francisco (left)<br>• Los Angeles (below and slightly right of San Francisco)<br>• Chicago (to the right of Los Angeles and above center)<br>• New York (to the right of Chicago and slightly above center)<br>• Washington DC (to the right of Chicago and below New York)<br>• Boston (to the right of Chicago and above New York)</p><p>Directed edges (arrows) connect them as follows:</p><ol><li><p>From San Francisco there is one outgoing arrow pointing right to Chicago.</p></li><li><p>From Los Angeles, there are two outgoing arrows. One goes to San Francisco, and the other to Washington DC.</p></li><li><p>From Chicago, there are 3 outgoing arrows, which point to Boston, New York, and Los Angeles.</p></li><li><p>From New York, there is a single outgoing arrows to Los Angeles.</p></li><li><p>From Washington DC there is a single outgoing arrow, which points to New York.</p></li><li><p>From Boston there is a single outgoing arrow, which points to New York.</p></li></ol><p>No edge labels or weights are shown; only the city names and the directions of the arrows are indicated.</p>
    1. State whether there exists an Eulerian circuit for this graph. State your reasoning.

      [2]

    Thomas, the train enthusiast, lives in New York. Hence, he will start and end his train trip in New York.

    1. Find the shortest path from New York to Boston.

      [1]
    2. America Rail would like to make the graph contain an Eulerian circuit by flipping the directions of as few edges as possible.

      1. Find the edge that they should flip

        [2]
      2. Find an Eulerian circuit starting with the train NY→LA.

        [1]
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    The weights of edges in a graph are given in the table below:


    A

    B

    C

    D

    E

    F

    A

    −

    1

    −

    2

    −

    3

    B

    1

    −

    4

    5

    6

    7

    C

    −

    4

    −

    8

    9

    −

    D

    2

    5

    8

    −

    10

    11

    E

    −

    6

    9

    10

    −

    −

    F

    3

    7

    −

    11

    −

    −

    1. Using Kruskal's algorithm, find the minimum spanning tree of the graph.

      [2]
    2. Using Prim's algorithm, find the minimum spanning tree.

      [2]
    3. Show that the graph has no Eulerian circuit.

      [2]
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    <p>A graph with 5 vertices and 8 edges.</p><p>Vertices: A, B, C, D, E.</p><p>Edges:</p><p>- An undirected edge between A and D with weight 1.</p><p>- An undirected edge between A and C with weight 1.</p><p>- An undirected edge between C and E with weight 3.</p><p>- An undirected edge between E and B with weight 1.</p><p>- An undirected edge between B and D with weight 1.</p><p>- An undirected edge between D and C with weight 1.</p><p>- An undirected edge between E and D with weight 1.</p><p>- An undirected edge between A and B with weight 3.</p>

    In Boston, times in minutes to get between various historical sites are given by the graph above.

    1. State with proof whether the graph contains any Eulerian circuits.

      [2]
    2. Determine with proof whether the graph contains an Eulerian path.

      [2]

    A tour of Boston would like to take all roads between historical sites.

    1. Find the minimum time in which they can accomplish this.

      [4]
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